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Current technology in your computer uses silicon transistors, a semi-conductor, which unlike the two wires is on or off depending on the amount of voltage running through it. Millions of these transistors, now as small as a fraction of a micrometer, or less than a millionth of a meter, are placed on single chips.

The smaller you can make a transistor the more quickly electrons can move through. The faster electricity flows the fewer electrons are lost between where the current enters and exits the transistor, called contacts.

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